A-Level Chemistry Bonding Revision Notes

• 1Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of charged ions.
• 2Covalent bonding occurs when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, leading to the formation of molecules.
• 3Metallic bonding is characterized by a 'sea of electrons' that are delocalized, allowing for conductivity and malleability.
• 4The type of bonding affects the physical and chemical properties of substances, such as melting points and electrical conductivity.
• 5Bonding theories, including VSEPR and hybridization, help predict molecular shapes and bond angles.

Bonding is how atoms stick together to form molecules and compounds. There are three main types of bonding: ionic, where atoms transfer electrons; covalent, where they share electrons; and metallic, where electrons move freely. The type of bond affects how substances behave, like whether they are solid or liquid at room temperature.