OCR Biology Ecosystems Revision Notes
Master OCR Biology Ecosystems using simple revision notes, key facts and practice questions — all generated by AI for your exam.
Ecosystems are dynamic systems composed of living organisms (biotic factors) and their physical environment (abiotic factors). They involve interactions between different species and their environment, which influence the flow of energy and matter.
Key Concepts
- 1Ecosystems consist of biotic and abiotic components.
- 2Energy flows through ecosystems via food chains and food webs.
- 3Nutrient cycling is essential for ecosystem sustainability.
- 4Biodiversity contributes to ecosystem resilience.
- 5Human activities can disrupt ecosystems and their functions.
Simple Explanation
An ecosystem is a community of living things, like plants and animals, interacting with each other and their environment, such as soil and water. They rely on each other for food, shelter, and nutrients. Changes in one part of the ecosystem can affect the whole system, making it important to keep ecosystems healthy.
Memory Trick
“Remember 'B.E.N.E.F.I.T' for Ecosystem: Biodiversity, Energy flow, Nutrient cycling, Ecosystem services, Functionality, Interactions, and Trophic levels.”
Flashcards
What are the two main components of an ecosystem?
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Exam Questions
Describe and explain the role of decomposers in an ecosystem. [6 marks]
6 marksView mark scheme hint▾
Mention their function in nutrient cycling, breaking down organic matter, and supporting plant growth.
Explain how energy is transferred through a food chain. [4 marks]
4 marksView mark scheme hint▾
Discuss producers, consumers, and energy loss at each trophic level.
What is meant by biodiversity? [2 marks]
2 marksView mark scheme hint▾
Define biodiversity and its importance in ecosystems.
Practice Quiz
What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?
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